Department of Energy federal obligations in Michigan

A thin Energy file on a Michigan tag

Department of Energy as awarding agency, Michigan as place-of-performance: 376 records summing to $2,821,613,208.97. A Department of Energy award coded outside MI is out. An award in Michigan from a different awarding agency is out even if the topic sounds related. Michigan (MI) excludes Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin, and Illinois. A Chicago-coded award is Illinois even if a Michigan utility is named in folklore.

Three hundred seventy-six awards is a thin Energy file. A large implied mean is what few rows do to a multi-billion dollar numerator. Unique recipients are unpublished. Do not read 376 as 376 unique lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories. The overlay Department of Energy in Michigan is the both-keys table. Michigan federal spending is the all-agency state hub. Department of Energy is the agency book without an MI filter. All spending ties lists other joins.

This packet does not name a plant, a lab, or a vehicle-technology earmark. Unique recipients are unpublished. Correlation is not causation: Michigan did not “cause” $2,821,613,208.97 by existing as a large or small place. Population and outcome scores are not packet facts. The join is 089 × MI only.

Megawatts are not USAspending fields

$2,821,613,208.97 does not measure lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories. Those series are not USAspending fields on this aggregate. The cell sums award obligations with awarding-agency code 089 and an MI place-of-performance tag.

Do not treat 376 awards as a census of lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories. Parent hubs are supposed to be larger than this pair. If Michigan federal spending or Department of Energy matched $2,821,613,208.97 and 376, the join would be pointless. Use the overlay when both keys must stay on. Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois Energy joins are other pairs, not addends.

Michigan, not a Midwest lab map

Place of performance MI is a geography tag on the award, not a metro list and not a commuting zone. Michigan (MI) excludes Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin, and Illinois. A Chicago-coded award is Illinois even if a Michigan utility is named in folklore. Recipient address can differ from that state tag.

This packet does not name a plant, a lab, or a vehicle-technology earmark. Unique recipients are unpublished. This packet does not split $2,821,613,208.97 by city, county, or named facility. 376 awards stay statewide. A county table would be a different extract.

Few rows, large vehicles, still obligations

Even a thick or thin file records obligations, not necessarily outlays. $2,821,613,208.97 can include amounts that pay on a later schedule. Citing it as cash already sent in Michigan confuses two concepts. Deobligations and upward adjustments both move the total.

Michigan’s own budget is a different ledger. Mixing it with the 376-award USAspending file leaves this series. No fiscal year is published in this packet, so this page does not invent one. Keep the obligation label on $2,821,613,208.97.

Citing Energy in Michigan

Cite USAspending.gov: Department of Energy (agency 089) obligated $2,821,613,208.97 on 376 awards coded to Michigan. Name both sides. Keep “obligations.” Do not relabel the total as lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories.

Prefer Department of Energy in Michigan if the overlay has refreshed after an ingest. Michigan federal spending still includes every other awarding agency tagged to MI. Department of Energy is the 089 parent without the MI filter. All spending ties indexes other pairs. Do not add those parents into $2,821,613,208.97.

A usable footnote names Department of Energy, Michigan, $2,821,613,208.97, and 376. The compact headline $2.82 billion is that same dollar total rounded. It is not a second extract. The implied mean near $7.50 million is $2,821,613,208.97 divided by 376. Means are not medians. USAspending.gov remains the originating system.

Questions

How much has the Department of Energy obligated in Michigan?

USAspending.gov records $2,821,613,208.97 across 376 awards with awarding agency 089 and a Michigan tag. That is an obligation join, not an outlay and not a count of lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories. Department of Energy in Michigan is the live overlay for this pair. Keep both keys when quoting $2,821,613,208.97.

Is $2,821,613,208.97 a measure of lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories?

No. The packet publishes $2,821,613,208.97 and 376 awards for agency 089 inside MI coding. Those other series are unpublished here. Unique recipients are unpublished. Quote the dollar total and the award count together. Obligations are not outlays.

Why does this DOE file have 376 awards?

That is the award-record count for 089 × MI. Combined with $2,821,613,208.97, the average is about $7.50 million. Modifications and repeat instruments add rows. 376 is not unique lab employees, megawatts, or named national laboratories. Later ingests can revise the count. Prefer the overlay if the table moved.

Where is the live table?

Department of Energy in Michigan is the overlay. Michigan federal spending and Department of Energy are the parents, not addends. All spending ties lists other pairs. Keep both sides of the join when citing $2,821,613,208.97. USAspending.gov is the source. Obligations are not outlays.